While we often wish our loved ones a long life, science shows that longevity is not just a matter of blessings—it’s deeply influenced by our genes. According to a groundbreaking new study, how long we live is determined not only by lifestyle choices but also by our genetic makeup.
Genes Play a Key Role
The research, published in the journal Science, suggests that nearly half of a person’s lifespan is influenced by genetics. This challenges the long-held belief that lifestyle and environment are the sole determinants of longevity.
By analyzing data from Danish and Swedish centenarians and their twins born between 1870 and 1935, researchers found that once deaths caused by external factors like accidents and infections were excluded, about 55% of lifespan variation could be attributed to genetics. Previous studies had estimated this genetic influence at just 10–25%.
Scientists observed a high degree of similarity in lifespan among identical twins, highlighting the significant role genes play in biological aging. With modern reductions in infectious diseases and accidents, the genetic impact on lifespan has become more apparent than ever.
Expert Insights
Indian experts see this research as having major public health implications. Dr. Anoop Mishra, Chairman of Fortis C-DOC, explains, “Genes play a major role in biological aging. However, in India, factors like poor nutrition, air pollution, diabetes, and obesity can diminish these genetic benefits and accelerate the aging process.”
Dr. Ambresh Mithal, Group Chairman of Endocrinology and Diabetes at Max Healthcare, adds, “Longevity is a balance between inheritance and environment. Genes set an upper limit, while epigenetics and lifestyle determine how close we get to it.” Epigenetics refers to external factors that can switch genes on or off without altering DNA.
Genes Set the Ceiling, Lifestyle Determines the Reach
The study emphasizes that lifespan is not fully predetermined at birth. About half of the variation is still influenced by lifestyle, healthcare access, and environmental conditions. However, genes establish a “biological ceiling,” and environmental factors decide whether we can reach it.
Researchers believe these findings could reshape debates on aging and longevity, highlighting the importance of addressing factors that accelerate biological aging.
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