Has China Had a Change of Heart? India’s UNSC Membership Gains Respect After Four Years

New Delhi: China has surprised many by acknowledging and respecting India’s aspiration for permanent membership in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)—a position it had previously opposed. Analysts see this as a significant shift in China’s approach toward India, especially in the context of evolving geopolitics.

China’s New Stance on UNSC Membership
During the BRICS Sherpa meeting held in Delhi from 8 to 10 February, Chinese Executive Vice Foreign Minister Ma Zhaoxu met with Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri on 10 February. In the strategic dialogue, Ma Zhaoxu reportedly stated that China understands and respects India’s aspirations for a permanent seat in the UNSC. This marks a notable shift from China’s earlier position, when it had blocked India’s bid even to become a non-permanent member.

India’s UNSC Journey and Support from Other Powers
India had applied for UNSC membership in 2022. At that time, among the five permanent members, China alone withheld support, while the other four—USA, UK, France, and Russia—had officially endorsed India’s bid at the bilateral level. The UNSC currently comprises five permanent and ten non-permanent members. Permanent members hold veto powers, making their support critical for any resolution or expansion of the Council.

Other Aspirants for Permanent Membership
Alongside India, several other countries including Brazil, Germany, Japan, and South Africa are aspiring for permanent membership. Achieving this, however, requires a structural amendment of the Council, which is presently limited to the five permanent and ten non-permanent members.

India-China Relations: A Shift Since 2020
Bilateral relations between India and China hit a low point in 2020 following the violent clashes in the Galwan Valley, eastern Ladakh. Since then, both nations have initiated measures to restore military stability at the border, complemented by leadership-level engagement. Notably, in September last year, Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Tianjin for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, where he held bilateral talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping.

Strengthening Ties Ahead of the BRICS Summit
The strategic dialogue in Delhi on 10 February 2026 emphasized peace and stability along the border and bilateral progress. Both sides discussed regional and international matters, focusing on further strengthening ties. Facilitating processes such as the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra and simplifying visa procedures have also played a role in improving bilateral relations.

This new stance by China, coupled with India’s successful BRICS leadership, signals a potential thaw in relations and enhances India’s position on the global stage, particularly regarding UNSC membership.