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Ten years after the Paris Agreement, the world is still striving to keep global temperature rise below 1.5°C. The 2025 UNFCCC Synthesis Report now reveals a cautiously hopeful picture — the journey remains challenging, but it has not come to a halt. For the first time, the global emissions curve has begun to bend downward — meaning greenhouse gas emissions are no longer increasing but have started to gradually decline.
The report highlights that the new and updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted by countries cover nearly one-third of global emissions. About 88% of these NDCs were shaped by the outcomes of COP28’s Global Stocktake, while 89% include economy-wide targets. Around 73% feature climate adaptation measures, and nearly one-third now address loss and damage — the financial and structural toll of climate-induced disasters.
If all existing pledges are fully implemented, global emissions could fall by 10% by 2035, the report estimates.
UNFCCC Executive Secretary Simon Stiell said, “Humanity is finally bending the emissions curve downward, but the pace is far too slow. We must move faster and support those nations least responsible for this crisis.”
India’s Climate Journey: A Shared Mission Across Every Sector
India stands out in the report as a nation that has integrated climate action with economic growth. According to Aarti Khosla, Director of Climate Trends, “India is among the 89% of countries whose NDCs cover all major sectors — energy, industry, transport, agriculture, forests, and buildings. Its semi-federal governance model, where the Centre sets the policy and states implement it, is emerging as a new face of climate leadership.”
From Tamil Nadu’s Green Climate Company to Gujarat’s Solar Mission, Indian states are no longer just policy implementers — they are becoming co-creators of national decarbonization.
Climate and Economy: Two Sides of the Same Story
A key takeaway from the report is that climate action is no longer just about the environment — it is now central to economic growth and stability.
Maria Mendiluce, CEO of the We Mean Business Coalition, explained, “Every NDC is not merely a climate pledge; it’s an investment prospectus — a signal to global markets about where policy and opportunity are headed.”
Renewables have now overtaken coal to become the world’s largest energy source. Bruce Douglas of the Global Renewables Alliance noted, “The Paris Agreement is working, but we are still off-track. The targets exist, but faster steps and stronger policies are crucial to bring them to life.”
The Need for Speed
The report makes one thing clear: the world is on the right path, but moving too slowly. Madhura Joshi of E3G observed, “While it is now possible to stabilize global emissions by 2030, this trajectory still doesn’t align with the Paris 1.5°C target. Greater ambition, backed by finance, technology, and capacity building, is essential.”
Echoing this, UN Climate Change has called on the world to make COP30 the “Implementation COP” — one that focuses not just on setting goals, but on accelerating real-world action.
The Story in Essence
The world today stands at a crossroads — battling intensifying storms, floods, and droughts, while also nurturing new hope that climate action can unlock jobs, investment, and innovation.
A decade after the Paris Agreement, the world has found the right direction. Now, it must find the right speed — because in this race against time, victory will belong not to those who start fast, but to those who keep moving faster.
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