More than six years after the COVID-19 pandemic began, many people continue to experience lingering health issues — one of the most common being persistent breathlessness, even long after the infection has cleared.
Respiratory infections such as flu, pneumonia, and COVID-19 usually resolve completely. However, doctors say a significant number of patients continue to suffer from symptoms like shortness of breath, chronic cough, chest tightness, throat irritation, and extreme fatigue weeks or even months after recovery.
According to Dr Raj Kumar, Senior Consultant in Pulmonology at ISIC Multispecialty Hospital, this condition is increasingly being seen across India and is medically referred to as post-infection lung problems.
Post-Viral Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness: A Key Reason
Dr Kumar explains that one of the major causes behind prolonged breathlessness after COVID-19 is a condition known as Post-Viral Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness (PVBHR).
“In this condition, the airways remain overly sensitive even after the infection has cleared. Patients may experience asthma-like symptoms such as wheezing, chest heaviness, breathlessness, and persistent cough — but this is not asthma,” he said.
Usually Temporary, But Disruptive
The reassuring news is that PVBHR is generally temporary.
“Most patients recover within three weeks to three months without permanent damage,” Dr Kumar noted.
However, during this phase, patients often find it difficult to carry out daily activities, climb stairs, exercise, or even walk briskly due to breathing discomfort.
When Lung Damage Becomes Permanent
In severe cases, particularly after serious COVID-19 or pneumonia, permanent lung damage can occur. This condition is called pulmonary fibrosis, where lung tissue becomes inflamed and stiff, making oxygen exchange difficult.
Additionally, some patients experience prolonged symptoms under what is commonly referred to as ‘Long COVID’, in which breathlessness continues for months or longer.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
Dr Kumar highlighted that certain groups face a greater risk of long-term lung complications, including:
- Patients who required hospitalisation during infection
- Those who needed oxygen support or ventilator care
- Elderly individuals
- People with asthma, diabetes, COPD
- Smokers
Don’t Ignore Ongoing Breathlessness
Doctors strongly advise not to dismiss persistent breathing problems as weakness or anxiety.
“Anyone experiencing prolonged breathlessness should consult a pulmonologist,” Dr Kumar said.
Recommended investigations may include:
- Spirometry (lung function test)
- Chest X-ray or CT scan
Treatment options include pulmonary rehabilitation, breathing exercises, physical activity, and inhaler-based medications, depending on severity.
Expert Advice
“Early diagnosis and guided treatment can significantly improve quality of life and prevent further complications,” Dr Kumar emphasised.
Disclaimer:
This article is intended for general informational purposes only. It does not substitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Readers are advised to consult a qualified doctor for personalised guidance.
Discover more from SD NEWS agency
Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.