OPT Expired? Here Are 5 Ways for International Students to Stay in the U.S.

New Delhi: For international students in the U.S., Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a crucial pathway that allows them to work after completing their studies. OPT provides hands-on work experience in their field of study, but it is valid for only 12 months, leaving many students uncertain about how to remain in the country once it expires. Here are five key options for students to continue their stay legally in the United States.

1. Apply for STEM OPT Extension

Students who have completed degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics (STEM) fields can apply for a STEM OPT extension. After the initial 12-month OPT period, eligible students can extend their work authorization for an additional 24 months, allowing them to work in the U.S. for a total of three years. It is recommended to apply 90 days before the initial OPT expires to avoid any gap in employment.

2. Apply for H-1B Visa

Another option is to transition to an H-1B visa, which allows skilled professionals to work long-term in the U.S. Applicants must hold at least a bachelor’s degree and possess specialized knowledge. For international students, 20,000 H-1B visas are reserved annually. If OPT expires before H-1B approval, a cap-gap extension can allow continued work in the meantime.

3. Explore Other Visa Options

Students who are not eligible for STEM OPT or H-1B visas can consider other visa categories:

• J-1 visa for research or academic training, which allows stays of up to 5 years.
• O-1 visa for individuals with extraordinary ability in science, arts, business, or athletics.

4. Enroll in Another Course

Students wishing to remain in the U.S. may choose to pursue another degree or course. Admission to a U.S. university allows them to obtain a new F-1 student visa. Upon completing the new course, they may become eligible for another round of OPT, enabling work opportunities once again.

5. Apply for a Green Card

Permanent residency (green card) is another route, typically available to students who have worked in the U.S. on a work visa like H-1B. Citizens or permanent residents of the U.S. may also sponsor family members. However, wait times can be long, especially for applicants from countries like India and China.

OPT is an important stepping stone for international students, but careful planning is required to continue working or residing in the U.S. legally. Evaluating all available options — from visa extensions to further education — ensures that students can maximize their career opportunities while complying with immigration rules.