India History: The Only State That Never Fell to the British – Known as the Land of Lord Parshuram

India gained independence on August 15, 1947, but there is one state that never came under British rule. This state, Goa, is also referred to as the land of Lord Parshuram. Its unique history is not only fascinating but also significant from an academic and competitive exam perspective.

Goa’s Origin and Mythology
According to goavidhansabha.gov.in, Goa’s history dates back to mythological times. Legend has it that the region was once submerged in water. Lord Parshuram, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu, threw his axe into the sea, causing the waters to recede and creating the land of Goa.

Portuguese Rule, Not British
Throughout history, Goa witnessed the rule of several dynasties, including Shilahara, Kadamba, Bahmani, and Adil Shahi. The Portuguese arrived before the British established control in India, and they ruled Goa for over 450 years. The first major revolt against Portuguese rule occurred in 1575 at Cuncolim. The Portuguese initially came as traders and gradually established their dominance, which lasted until India annexed Goa in 1961.

Capital History
Goa’s capital was shifted from Velha Goa to Panaji in 1843. By the 18th century, the Portuguese controlled most of Goa’s present-day territory, even as they lost other holdings in India.

Long Struggle for Independence
While India gained freedom from British rule in 1947, Goa remained under Portuguese control. The region’s freedom struggle lasted until December 19, 1961, when Operation Vijay by the Indian Army liberated Goa, Daman, and Diu. Initially made a Union Territory, Goa became India’s 25th state on May 30, 1987.

Interesting Facts About Goa

• Goa remained under Portuguese rule for over 450 years.
• Its freedom struggle ended on December 19, 1961, with Operation Vijay.
• Goa is called the land of Lord Parshuram, who, according to legend, reclaimed the land from the sea.
• The state saw rule under dynasties like Shilahara, Kadamba, Bahmani, and Adil Shahi.
• The first major revolt against the Portuguese was in 1575 at Cuncolim.
• The capital moved from Velha Goa to Panaji in 1843.
• Goa was incorporated into India after Operation Vijay, along with Daman and Diu, and became the 25th state in 1987.

Goa’s rich history, unique identity, and struggle for liberation make it a standout in India’s diverse cultural and political landscape.