While battles like Haldighati, Panipat, and Tarain dominate history lessons, India’s past is dotted with many lesser-known yet significant conflicts. These battles, often overlooked, are important for competitive exams, interviews, and general knowledge enthusiasts. Here’s a comprehensive quiz-style guide to some of India’s most notable and forgotten wars.
1. Battle of Jhelum
When & Between Whom: 326 BCE, Alexander the Great of Macedonia vs. King Porus of the Paurava dynasty.
Also called the Battle of Hydaspes, it was fought along the banks of the Jhelum River.
2. Battle of Peshawar
When & Between Whom: 1001 CE, Mahmud of Ghazni vs. Hindu Shahi king Jayapala of Punjab.
3. Battles of Tarain
- First Battle (1191 CE): Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Muhammad Ghori.
- Second Battle (1192 CE): Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj Chauhan.
4. First Battle of Panipat
Date & Combatants: 21 April 1526, Babur vs. Sultan Ibrahim Lodi of Delhi.
Outcome: Babur emerged victorious, ending the Lodi dynasty in India.
5. Second Battle of Panipat
Date & Combatants: 5 November 1556, Mughal Emperor Akbar vs. Hemu (Hemchandra Vikramaditya).
Hemu fought against Akbar, but was defeated, consolidating Mughal rule.
6. Third Battle of Panipat
Date & Combatants: 14 January 1761, Marathas vs. Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali.
Outcome: Marathas suffered a devastating defeat.
7. Battle of Chausa
Date & Combatants: 26 June 1539, Mughal Emperor Humayun vs. Sher Shah Suri.
Outcome: Humayun was defeated, and Sher Shah Suri captured Delhi.
8. Battle of Haldighati
Date & Combatants: 18 June 1576, Maharana Pratap vs. Akbar’s general Man Singh in Rajasthan.
Though indecisive, it became a symbol of Maharana Pratap’s valor and fight for independence.
9. Battle of Palakhde
Date & Combatants: 28 February 1728, Maratha Peshwa Bajirao I vs. Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad.
10. Battle of Chandawar
Date & Combatants: 1194 CE, Muhammad Ghori vs. King Jaichand of Kannauj.
Takeaway:
These battles, whether decisive or symbolic, have shaped the course of Indian history. Beyond the well-known wars, understanding forgotten conflicts strengthens one’s grasp on the rich tapestry of India’s past.
📰 Headline for Print Edition:
“Beyond Haldighati and Panipat: Lesser-Known Battles Every History Buff Must Know”
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